![]() Some of these tools formerly called hoes or knives, however, were actually used as scrapers for removing the thick pulp that surrounds the fibers in agave leaves. In the 1970s, the term “tabular tool” became popular, reflecting the fact that such artifacts may have been used in a variety of activities.īased on parallels between some ancient tabular tools and implements used during the early historic period in the Southwest (as well as metal tools used today, in Mexico), archaeologists infer that some of the artifacts previously identified as hoes or knives were used by the Hohokam to remove agave leaves from the core or “heart” of the plant, which was then roasted and eaten. Southwest referred to a class of thin, broad stone artifacts-often made from platy rocks such as slate or schist-as hoes, assuming that such implements were used to prepare and weed ancient agricultural fields.īy the 1960s, researchers began to call these objects “mescal knives” or “agave knives,” having noted that the distribution of these artifacts matched the known range of agave and that native Southwestern peoples had traditionally used similar objects to harvest and process agave for food and fiber. The Apache tribes include the Plains Apache (Oklahoma), the Lipan Apache (Texas), Western Apache (Arizona), Chiricahua Apache (Arizona/New Mexico), Jicarilla Apache (New Mexico), and the Mescalero Apache (New Mexico).Beginning in the late 1800s, archaeologists in the U.S. There are approximately 5,000 Apaches today. There are still several Apache tribes today. They were deported to Florida and Alabama prisons. The last of the Apache tribe, the Chiricahua, surrendered in 1886. The United States Army found their to be very fierce warriors and knowledgeable strategists. When the Apache tribes were in their prime, there were eleven major groups: Arivaipa, Chiricahua, Coyotero, Faraone Gileno, Llanero, Mescalero, Mimbreno, Mogollon, Naisha, Tchikun and Tchishi. Eventually, Mangas Coloradas was captured and killed by the Army while trying to escape custody. The Apache began to fight against miner attacks. The Apache tribes disliked the Mexicans so, that when the United States went to war against Mexico, the Apache promised to provide them with safe passage through their lands.Īs the Apache and US military were able to keep peace for a while, it ended after Apache leader Mangas Coloradas attacked by miners, breaking the treaty the military and Apaches had earlier signed. After a bounty was placed on Apache scalps, the leader of the Mimbreno tribe, Juan Jose Compas, was killed for the money. However, in the early 1800s, the Apache Indians were at war with the Mexicans. The Apache Indians were known to be quick to defend their homeland and seemed to always be at odds with the white man. The Apache were a large tribe, dating as far back as the early 1500s. It is believed that because their language is similar, that the Apache and Navajo were once a lone ethnic group. The Apache were known for being powerful, brave, and aggressive. The Apache tribes may have been named after the Yavapai word for people (epache), the Zuni word for enemy (apachu), or an unspecified Quechan word that means fighting men. No one is sure of the origin of the name Apache, but there are many theories. The Apache tribes are Native American Indians who inhabited the areas now known as Arizona and northwestern sections of Mexico. Apache Tribes Apache tribes were known as fierce warriors and knowledgeable strategists.
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